On the origin, affinities, and évolution of the land Mollusca of the Mid-Atlantic Islands, with special reference to Madeira

Abstract

The land mollusc faunas of the Azores, Madeira, the Canary Islands, and Cape Verdes are basically a relict assemblage, with pronounced affinities to the Early Tertiary fauna in Western Palaearctic. Composition, diversity, endemism and affinities of these